My task is to create a music video that hasn’t been released on the general market Free Essays

My task is to create a music video that hasn’t been released on the general market. This will be done in a group of four consisting of Courtney, Lisa, Tamica and myself. We need to all decide on what song we are going to produce which is no longer than five minutes long. We will write a custom essay sample on My task is to create a music video that hasn’t been released on the general market or any similar topic only for you Order Now We need to write a narrative synopsis, this will show how the song relates to the images. Also we will need a detailed storyboard because it will help us out on how to shoot the scenes. We all need to decide on locations, props, costumes, castings and soundtracks that we are going to use in our music video. We must do all arrangements in good time management. The song is called ‘separated’ and is singed by an artist called Usher Raymond. It’s a song sang by usher to his girl. The academic bit, this is done by analyzing our video and see if the genre and conventions plus how media language fits the music video. In this video I will need to contribute in my role as a lead singer Usher, and also help out in planning plus research with the group, give ideas on locations and to be on time on deadlines. In our group everyone needs to know what they’re doing and help out on props, costumes and be on time and know their part. My group and I have chosen the solo artist Usher Raymond because we like the lyrics he uses in the song; it’s very different from other songs. Also his lyrics can be formed in to images for our music video â€Å"separated†. Usher Raymond was born on the 14th October 1978 in Chattanooga. He is a young RB singer. Usher is one of the few who can boast of real star quality. He performed at the American Music Awards as part of the all-star recording collaboration Black Men United. The first single to be taken from the album, â€Å"You Make Me Wanna†, was typical of the smooth ballads on offer. Usher was more successful in the UK, where the single debuted at number 2 in February 2001. He returned to the top of the US charts in July with â€Å"U Remind Me†, which premiered the transatlantic hit album 8701. The single â€Å"U Got It Bad† also reached the number 1 position in 2002. We will be using varies of techniques to make this video so that it fits it conventions and also genre. Using similar filming techniques like camera angles will do this and lighting effects also the location of shots need to be accurate would help a lot. In order to make this music video a success we must use certain skills of marketing techniques. The music video needs to be marketed well. This means we need know what customers to target. We need to brand our music video so it could become popular and known form it. There are many genres of music and for us to do well we need to know our genre of music inside out. We need to know what’s going to be in and what props we need also how we could do stuff so that our video fits its genre. To match audience’s expectation we would need the video to have conventions that follows other pop music videos. These could be fancy cars, big mansions, the high life, boy meets girl, relationship breaking up or clips of them having fun back in the days. Some of pop artists examples are puff daddy, Nelly, Sean Paul. Our music video is going to be targeted at young teenagers. We believe they are our audience for these kinds of songs, also they would find them as pop idols. We would advertise the new single on TV, radio, newspapers and Internet. The TV is because many teenagers plus adults watch it. The radio is a main advertiser for songs because many people have radios in their cars, personal stereos, work place, homes and phones. People will here the single on the radio and if they liked it they would purchase it. Also playing music on the radio would give us a wider range of audiences and may boost our sales up. My group and I have chosen the solo artist Usher Raymond because we like the lyrics he uses in the song; also his lyrics can be formed in to images for our music video â€Å"separated†. Usher Raymond was born on the 14th October 1978 in Chattanooga. He is a young RB singer. Usher is one of the few who can boast of real star quality. He performed at the American Music Awards as part of the all-star recording collaboration Black Men United. The first single to be taken from the album, â€Å"You Make Me Wanna†, was typical of the smooth ballads on offer. Usher was more successful in the UK, where the single debuted at number 2 in February 2001. He returned to the top of the US charts in July with â€Å"U Remind Me†, which premiered the transatlantic hit album 8701. The single â€Å"U Got It Bad† also reached the number 1 position in 2002. We have previous marketing techniques that we have discussed and analysed so we can use these techniques to make the video a success. Some of our previous marketing techniques discussed were on how where and how to advertise our music videos and also how to target our main audiences. The channels that we have chosen to broadcast the video on We have chosen to broadcast our video on certain channels like: THE BOX – we chose this channel is because this channel is a national wide all music video channel reaching over 20 million homes in the United States giving us a wide audience. It is also available in the United Kingdom. Specializing in rock, pop, RB, hip-hop, Latin, and country. Over 170 individual boxes are located throughout the country, which allows each area to have its own custom local play list of videos to choose from. This will be mainly targeted at the seven years old to thirty year old age groups. Also we chose the MTV main channel. The reason we chose this channels is because it is a music channel, which is on a 24-hour video music network. MTV is an advertiser-supported, basic cable service of MTV networks. We would use this channel for promoting our music. By linking the video to a wider audience we would have more sales in records. A good example is to feature another famous artist in to the song from a different genre. ‘U R L’ (Usher Record Label) is going to the record label. The label is going to have a picture of usher on it this will make the video sexually attractive to female customers. This will increase the sales. In the video the artist is showing he wants to break up with his girlfriend. Tamica plays the girl featured in the video. Usher sings he wants to be separate from her. Initial ideas that we have come up with are on how to structure each scene of the video, we are going to film each sentence in the song and for the chorus we are going to play the same scene each time. In the video each scene would go along with the music. This should look good and professional. In the video every scene is going to illustrate song lyrics. This is going to be done by having each sentence of the song being represented by an object, scenery, person/s and facial expressions. Our storyboards are going to help us a lot in making the video look realistic. This is because the storyboard will help us by illustrating to us how to achieve the right look and feel of the music videos, also what camera angles we want and lighting. When editing the video we must make sure the words of the song are in the right time of the videoing. If not done correctly then the video wouldn’t look very effective. In our group we have decided that I am going to be the solo artist Usher, Courtney is going to the camera woman, Lisa is going to be casting in our video and Tamica is going to be the women in the video (Usher’s Girl). My role is going to be difficult but I can achieve it by rehearsing the scenes and working together as a team. I need to make my music video look as real as possible so I can feel I have achieved making my video successfully. How to cite My task is to create a music video that hasn’t been released on the general market, Papers

Manchester United free essay sample

More than a football club, a global brand For these fans, there is only one United Annual Report 2003 Manchester United is one of the leading clubs in world football, with a global brand and following that embodies the passion and excitement of the world’s most popular sport. Our goal is, through innovation, commitment and evolution, to protect and develop the brand by sustaining the playing success on the field and growing the business to enhance the financial strength of the Group. Contents 1 Highlights 2 Chairman’s statement 6 Operational review 32 Financial review 38 Corporate social responsibility 44 Board of directors 46 Directors’ report Corporate governance 51 Remuneration report 57 Financial statements 79 Statement of directors’ responsibilities 80 Auditors’ report 81 Five year summary 82 Shareholder information 85 Advisers and internal contacts Highlights gt; Turnover up 18 per cent as a result of strong cup runs, increased media revenues and the start of the new Nike partnership. gt; Staff costs represent 46 per cent of turnover (2002 48 per cent). gt; Net player trading profits. Team success The team emphatically answered its critics by remaining unbeaten in the Premiership from the start of 2003 to win the Club’s eighth Premiership title in 11 years. The team reached the UEFA Champions League quarter finals for the seventh successive season – the best record of any team in Europe – before losing to Real Madrid in arguably the best tie in the competition. We also reached our first Worthington Cup final in nine years. Our loyal fans have once again showed tremendous support for the team with sell out crowds at virtually every one of our 33 first team matches at Old Trafford. We appreciate the contribution that this support makes to our team’s and business success. Strengthening the squad During the off-season we have been exceptionally active in making progress on one of our core strategic goals, to maintain the playing success of the team. The sales of David Beckham and Juan Sebastian Veron, the release of David May and Laurent Blanc at the end of their contracts and the acquisitions of Tim Howard, Eric Djemba Djemba, David Bellion, Kleberson and Cristiano Ronaldo, were all important steps. They have strengthened the playing squad and equipped the manager, Sir Alex Ferguson, with the players he needs to keep the club challenging for major trophies. These transfers have decreased the average age of the squad to 25 and have also reduced average player wages. I would like to express my appreciation of the contribution made by the players who have left, in particular David Beckham who has been with the Club since he was 16 and played a key part in our successes over the last decade. Excellent financial results Our financial results have benefited from the additional games at Old Trafford (33 compared to 27 last season) as a result of cup successes, the start of the new Nike partnership, and strong contributions from the UEFA Champions League final at Old Trafford and our pre-season tour to the USA. Group turnover of ? 173 million was 18 per cent up on the previous year. ?8. 5 million (2002 ? 1. 3 million) was produced by our domestic cup runs, ? 27. 6 million (2002 ? 29. 9 million) from our participation in the UEFA Champions League and ? 4. 7 million from the USA Tour and hosting the UEFA Champions League final. In addition, the first year of our new Nike contract is worth an additional ? 3. 5 million above the level guaranteed for the second year onwards of ? 20. 7 million. Aside from these factors the underlying revenues excluding cup success were ? 128. 7 million, which was 12 per cent up on a like for like basis on the previous year, as a result of the new Nike and Platinum sponsor contracts and higher UK TV revenues. 2 The ratio of wages costs to turnover was 46 per cent for the year, well within our target of 50 per cent of turnover as a result of continued financial discipline and the strong cup performances. Absolute wages went up by ? 8. million, a rise of 12 per cent, reflecting the new contractual commitments made in the prior year and higher bonuses from our success. Group operating profit before exceptionals, player trading and amortisation was ? 50. 0 million, 45 per cent above the previous year, benefiting from strong additional contributions from the new Nike partnership of ? 14. 8 million (compared to the previous arrangements), and a total of ? 3. 0 million from the UEFA Champions League final and USA Tour and the domestic cup games of ? 3. 6 million (2002 ? 1. 1 million). The UEFA Champions League games contributed 45 per cent (2002 73 per cent) of these profits. Player trading profits The player trading profits were ? 12. 9 million (2002 ? 17. 4 million). The major element of this was ? 15. 9 million for David Beckham. This is calculated based on the unconditional proceeds of â‚ ¬25 million, less costs of the transaction and the discount paid to our bank to receive this sum on 2 September 2003 as opposed to over the four years originally agreed with Real Madrid. This profit, together with additional receipts from Blackburn for the sale of Andrew Cole and Dwight Yorke, was offset by the provision for the loss on the sale of Veron to Chelsea of ? 4. million. Increased profit after tax The profit after tax was ? 29. 8 million (2002 ? 25. 0 million) with the underlying tax rate of 32. 5 per cent being reduced by 8. 8 percentage points as a result of the release of provisions of ? 3. 4 million mainly in respect of a property transaction which took place in 1996. Strong cash generation The excellent financial results and continued discipline ov er costs and cash management have strengthened our balance sheet further. At the year end we had cash and deposits of ? 28. 6 million. We spent ? 4. 2 million on capital projects, net of disposals, and ? . 9 million in net player acquisitions during the year with additional commitments to spend up to ? 23. 9 million on the five players we have bought in this summer. The balance sheet includes debtors of ? 23. 4 million from the sales of Beckham (received on 2 September) and Stam (due during the 2004/2005 financial year), which together with ? 12 million from the sale of Veron means we have total unconditional receipts of ? 35. 4 million over the next two years. Our cash generation will enable us to continue to strengthen the squad as necessary without the use of debt. We completed the sale of the Golden Tulip hotel investment and recorded a profit on disposal of ? 0. 4 million in the second half year. Further conditional payments could be received depending on the release of monies retained for potential warranty claims. Demanding year for our staff The staging of 33 home Manchester United games, a FA cup semi-final, the UEFA Champions League final, the Super League Grand final and a Bon Jovi concert, made the year a demanding one for our staff. They have delivered each event with great skill and success. We are delighted to have introduced a new profit-sharing scheme for the staff with effect from this year, which enables them to share in the financial success that these extra games and events bring. 3 Chairman’s statement continued Office of Fair Trading (OFT) decision Manchester United was disappointed that the Office of Fair Trading has decided that its limited involvement in the exchange of price information with Umbro for the short period of May to September 2000 had the object or effect of maintaining prices for replica shirts. The fine of ? 1. 65 million has been fully provided for in these results as an exceptional item. Manchester United believes that there are strong grounds to appeal certain aspects of the OFT findings and therefore it has launched an appeal against these aspects to the Competition Appeal tribunal. Manchester United intends to make no further public comment on the matter until the completion of the appeal process. Board changes Martin Edwards stepped down from the PLC Board on 29 November 2002 and as Chairman of the football club in May after a long association since 1970. We would like to repeat our thanks to Martin for his many contributions to the Club over the years. In addition, Peter Kenyon resigned as Chief Executive in September 2003 and the Board appointed David Gill, the Group Managing Director, as his replacement, with immediate effect. The Board would again like to record its thanks to Peter for his significant contribution to our success over the last six years. Improved shareholder returns The success of the Group over the last year has seen a significant re-rating of our shares which have risen over 80 per cent since September last year. We continue to work to deliver value to our shareholders. The Board has recommended a final basic dividend of 1. 83 pence per share, making a total basic dividend for the year of 2. 5 pence per share, 19 per cent above last year. This is the twelfth consecutive year of increased dividend. Last year we announced our policy to consider special dividends depending on the overall profitability of the Group. As a result the Board recommends a special dividend of 1. 5 pence per share (2002 1. 0 pence per share) based on the excellent operating result and the tax provision release referred to above, together with the strong cash position of the Group. No part of this dividend is dependent on this year’s player trading profits, since the Board intends that the cash generated from these sales will be reinvested in the playing squad, to help maintain the playing success. The Board has also decided that in future years any interim basic dividend will normally be 50 per cent of the previous year’s total basic dividend. This split will more closely reflect the level of profits earned in the first half of each year. Strategy for growth Our strategy for growth remains on course. The four main themes of this strategy are: †¢ Maintaining the team’s playing success The changes to the squad seen in the summer have reduced the average age to 25 (27 last year) and provided the manager with greater depth and more options for team selection. Our academy structure continues to produce young prospects who may have the potential to break through into the first team. †¢ Developing the value of media rights The recently announced outcome of the invitation to tender for domestic FA Premier League TV rights for the period 2004/2005 to 2006/2007 has removed some of the uncertainty over the value of the core media rights. However, we are continuing to look for ways to exploit additional and exclusive content by creating Club products that compliment the core FA Premier League offering and distributing them through our own media channels, which include MU Interactive, MU Mobile and MU Pictures. 4 †¢ Leveraging the global brand The relationship with Nike has taken our brand strategy forward significantly during the year with the launch of the new home shirt in 58 territories and over 2. 5 million replica shirts (home, away and third strip) sold in the year. Over 40 per cent of the Nike Merchandising sales were generated outside the UK. The pre-season tour in the USA was very successful, building on our fan base there and our partner relationships. Over the four games 270,000 tickets were sold. †¢ Converting more fans to customers Our focus on improving our service to our fans and building our relationship with them remains a Company-wide objective. The Customer Relationship Management system is now fully operational with 1. 9 million fan records on the database, towards our target of 3. 5 million fan records by the end of 2005. We continue to learn about our fans’ interests and develop products and services for them. The launch, in June, of our ‘One United’ membership scheme led to 125,000 new members by 31 July 2003 compared to 87,000 members at the same time last year. In August we also launched the new Red Cinema concept in Salford Quays, near the Old Trafford stadium, as another new service for our fans. Outlook We started the 2003/2004 season full of confidence after the four successful wins in the USA against high quality opposition. Our victory over Arsenal in the Charity Shield was satisfying but was overshadowed by the tragic death the day before of our young player, Jimmy Davis, in a car accident. The manager and the players remain focused on maintaining the team’s success in the Premiership and progressing further in Europe. Our whole business is working hard to grow core revenues and profits. The close season player trading activity has ensured that the Group will maintain total wages costs below our target of 50 per cent of turnover. We expect wages for 2003/2004, for the same level of success, to be no higher than in 2002/2003. Manchester United has never been in a more robust financial position and the Board looks forward to the rest of the season with optimism about further playing success. That success, combined with our business development initiatives and the Group’s financial strength, will enable the Group to continue to generate value for our shareholders. Sir Roy Gardner Chairman 30 September 2003 5 Operational review The past year has been a period of great progress for Manchester United, both as a football club and as a global brand. On the field, we won our eighth Premiership title in 11 years and performed well in the other major cup competitions, confirming that Sir Alex and his squad are as hungry for success as ever. With success, however, comes the risk of complacency, and it is essential that we continue to develop and evolve our playing squad if we are to maintain our challenge to compete with the best. Squad development requires significant investment, and it is therefore vital for us to grow our revenues and to develop even stronger relationships with our fans. We recognise that their loyalty is perhaps our greatest strength – which is why we work hard to earn their trust through communications tools such as the Fans’ Forum and Fan Satisfaction Surveys, and by improving the quality and range of services we offer them. Success on and off the field 6 The depth of our fans’ affinity with the Club and the breadth of our global supporter base are influential factors in growing the value of media and sponsorship rights, a key strategic objective for the Group. The Chairman has reiterated our four core strategies: †¢ Maintaining the playing success †¢ Developing the value of media rights †¢ Leveraging the global brand †¢ Converting more fans into customers These strategies will drive growth in our matchday, media and commercial revenues and underpin increased shareholder value. Manchester United’s success on and off the field has been built up over a long period by my predecessors as Chief Executive, Martin Edwards and Peter Kenyon. Having worked with them both over the last six years, I share their vision and passion for the Club. I intend to continue to pursue the central objective that has guided our progress in the recent past: to grow Manchester United not just as a football club, but also as a global brand.

The Necessity Of Positive And Normative Economics Essays (1515 words)

The Necessity Of Positive And Normative Economics Keynes once wrote: The object of a positive science is the establishment of uniformities, of a normative science the determination of ideals. (Blaug, 122) This is the dichotomy that economists recognize when approaching their field of study. The social scientist must recognize both positive and normative distinctions, means and ends, as important factors of fruitful research. Secondly, they must clearly express the conditions and assumption which theories holds in order for economics to be useful for society. Positive science is that which is a fact of nature or a fact by definition. In mathematics this is the difference between the knowledge that the angles of a triangle sum to 180 degrees, and the definition of a triangle as a two dimensional polygon with 3 sides. In economics, such facts of knowledge include that money is a store of value, or facts of definition that the UNs Human Development Index ranks Canada above Mexico. These are all positive facts. Whether they rely or are associated with values does not reduce their factualness to a normative realm. One cannot refute positive statements by claiming they are arrived at due to values. It is up to normative science to judge the value of the HDI, a positive fact, and not mistake this action as denying the existence of the HDI. This is probably better stated with a topic from macroeconomics. Suppose that some economists agree that inflation produces the social cost of having to adjust prices to new levels. This is a completely positive statement. As long as every term has been clearly defined, one can understand the relation between inflation (as defined) and cost (as defined). Yes, the definitions have been chosen based on specific values, but this does not disaffirm the statement as a true reflection of reality. Suppose we make a true statement which denies that inflation produces this social cost, by defining inflation or the cost differently. The old positive fact of reality that the first statement asserted has not changed. By changing definitions, we have merely created a new positive statement. A statement is a true positive fact, according to Weston, when it is consistent with definitions and axioms that define the system. We are not necessarily saying anything about what is true outside of that sys tem. (Weston, 4) The values we have based each statement on does not induce them into the sphere of normative science. Neither makes any statement concerning the values of inflation or costs, nor that one statement is preferable over the other. Here lies the duty of the economist: to make a normative decision on which positive statements are most applicable to the needs of society. Do we want to evaluate policy based on inflation definition number one or two? Do we care about social cost one more than social cost two? These are in the scope of normative science. Effectual positive facts are the means in reality to achieve ends. In this manner, economics is not value-free, and for good reason. There must be some utility gained from knowledge for research to be beneficial to mankind. Positive facts are not study for the sake of learning positive facts, but as a possible means to an end. Normative economics are those value statements which guide our use and development of positive science. Positive facts are not limited by our values, but we can use our values to determine which positive statements are of most interest to society. Positive statements are the basis for any science, but do little good for mankind if we do not evaluate and distinguish some statements as more useful than others. Thus positive science is made fruitful through normative values, and reciprocally, normative judgments are based on objective positive science. It is best to demonstrate this with an example from a less controversial science, physics. If a physicist decides that we need to further study thermodynamics in a specific way because of the needs of applications in space, his approach is a normative decision based on the normative desires of some group of people. However, the results which he arrives at will remain true for the conditions and viewpoint specified, despite the value to the space industry, which may

How to Live with 15300$

How to Live with 15300$ Introduction Family income is a particular sum of money the whole family gets annually. The salaries, income from deposits and other stable and regular incomes are really important for the family as depending on this information many families plan their costs.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How to Live with 15300$ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Having the information about the annual income of the family and the list of the obligatory costs, it is possible to calculate the expenses of the family, the cloths they can buy and the number of entertaining places they can visit. Moreover, the food and other unexpected costs should be considered. However, it seems rather difficult for the family to pay attention to unexpected expenses and to plan them if the family income is too low. Additionally, there are a number of notions which should be considered while discussion of the family budget. The Consumer Price Index is t he notion which should not be avoided as it is the measure which points at the obligatory items people are to be able to buy on the salaries and income they have. Family and Living Conditions The situation is the follows. The family consists of a father, a mother, and two kids, a 10 years old girl, and a 4 years old boy. The family lives in the personal house which is not that small as children do not have to share the rooms and have their personal ones. The family income comprises 15300$ annually, which is about $1275 monthly. The task is to consider the budget of the family, and calculate their costs on the basis of the fact that these people are to live in the house, buy food and clothes and provide other expenses obligatory for an average American citizen. Consumer basket The consumer basket is the number of categories which account the items necessary for living. There are about 200 categories which are gathered into eight great groups.Advertising Looking for essay on b usiness economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus, food and beverages, housing, apparel, transportation, medical care, recreation, education and communication, other goods and services are the items which are to be involved in calculation. Thus, using this pattern as the basis for creating the budget for a family, the following data should be considered. Things necessary for living As it has already been mentioned, the family is to be able to buy the items mentioned in the consumer basket. Here is the detailed description for each of the major categories. Food and beverages are important for the family, however, paying attention to their low income, this category should be presented with breakfast cereal with milk, coffee or tea, chicken (another type of meat may be too costly for the family), wine, and full service meals which are comprised of a great many of different vegetables and other products. Much attention sh ould be paid to the prices in this category. The cereals may cost about $22.08, different breakfast bars and other snacks about $2-3 per item. This may be enough for a week or two. Milk will cost the family about $90 a week (1 pack costs $30, which is for two-three days). The process are presented as the sample how the average annual cost of the life was calculated for the family. The prices for most of the products may vary greatly depending on the season and on the place where the products are to be bought. This category also covers eggs, fruits, fats and oils, alcoholic beverages, meat, etc. The general expenses on this category are to be much greater, however the family cannot allow to pay more than $500 as in this case they will no have an opportunity to pay for other services. The price means that the family is unable to eat meat every day, eggs and fresh mils appears on the table also rarely. Tasty and expensive fruits, candies, and other sweets are not eaten too often.Advert ising We will write a custom essay sample on How to Live with 15300$ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Housing is another parameter which is to be paid. Thus, this category covers the expenses on the house. Being the personal house, the family is just to pay the rent and other services such as gas, water, light. The owners equivalent rent or bedroom furniture are not considered. However, the family may spend some extra money of repairing or new objects which are too important. The average cost of the items may be about $200 a month. Apparel is the third parameter in the family budget. Having too low income, the family cannot allow to buy cloths too often, the one or two items per person a month. If the cloths are not necessary right now, the family has to save this money of more expensive cloths of shoes. To the point, this category covers men’s, boys’, girl’s and women’s apparel along with footwear. About $100 is the cost for this category. Transportation is an inevitable part of the family. The family is unable to buy a new vehicle, however, they are to spend money on gasoline and motor vehicle insurance which s not cheap. The costs depend on the distances the members of the family have to ride every day. Paying attention to the fact that the family is poor and cannot allow to drive too much, their costs on gasoline are minimal. Medical care is an important aspect. People are to buy prescription drugs and medical supplies if they are ill, physicians services are also to be paid along with the hospital services. Paying attention to the fact that the family cannot allow substantial nutrition with all the necessary vitamins and minerals, they are more subjected to getting sick that increases the costs on medication.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, it is presupposes that people will not be sick each month, the average sum of the medical costs should be about $100 monthly (as all the calculations are based on the average month income considered from the annual one). Recreation services are important however, the family does not have an opportunity to but toys, have pets and pay for television annually. Therefore, the family has to enjoy the free TV and the toys and entertainments they already have. However, the family members can allow to have a rest once a year if the cost of the vocation is not too high. The family can allow to spend about $2000 annually. Education and communication are important as children are to study. However, it increases costs as the family has to spend money of books, copybooks, cloths and other items which are obligatory and cannot be avoided. Moreover, the computer services are also important as having no opportunity to have the computer at home, school children are to pay for those services to be able to hand in the printed papers and submit the works on time. Other goods and services such as the services of the haircuts and other expenses are to be considered annually due to the low income of the family these services are not too often used. The extra costs of the family are also to be covered. The household troubles, funerals, costs devoted to unexpected loss of working opportunities, different presents for birthdays and personal birthdays of the family members are to be considered. It is hard to predict the sum of money on these events as in most cases family with such low income celebrate only too important dates. Arguments Thus, having considered the family income and the costs it has to endure, it should be stated that the family is to pay obligatory $900 annually without considering the medical services, education and extra costs which are obligatory. Conclusion In conclusion, it should be stated that he family is very poor and cannot allow many particular thin gs. Children are to wear the clothes of their older brothers or sisters, they are unable to attend different entertaining facilities, they cannot eat too tasty and delicious meals as they cannot afford them due to high prices and low income. The absence of the appropriate nutrition increases the risk of infection that raises the family expenses and puts them at risk of loosing a feeder of the family for a period of the illness. It is essential for the family to increase the income as the living on 15300$ annually is too hard, children do not get appropriate education, they are limited in many opportunities and as a result they may get worse education than others do. How to live with 15300$ Introduction With the rising hard economy of this twenty first century, everyone has to know how to budget for the little annual income that they earn. This is extremely necessary in order to cater for the needs of families.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How to live with 15300$ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A budget is a financial document used to project future income and expenses. The budgeting process helps individuals involved estimate if they go on with the operation according to the income that they earn or not. This paper is discussing a family budgeting. Requirements of a good budget It is necessary for one to know the actual income before planning the budget. For one to be able to make a successful budget there are a number of features to consider; categories that fit one’s personal situation and spending habits only, and income expectations, which are right. One should reflect how he or she spen ds money so as to cut down costs where necessary and the budget should entail costs that are not on a monthly basis. These are a few of requirements that this family of four can consider. This family where the annual earning is 15300 dollars is living in a low social economic life. This is because it is estimated that poverty lies among citizens who earn 10000 dollars annually. This family is slightly above the poverty line. Therefore, it should not go for the most costly expenses. Housing This family should go for a house that has a minimum of three bedrooms. This is due to reason that the ten year old girl and the four year old boy will not share bedrooms. The house should also be located in an area occupied by middle class people. This is where the family can get an affordable three bedroom house. Also, commodities in the locality are available at fair prices. This family should also look for a house that is not far from their places of work. The house location ought to be near s ocial amenities like hospitals and schools. Due to their earning, this family ought to live in a house worth 3,240 dollars annually to avoid spending more than their income.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Buying clothes Clothes are also basic, thus this family can budget to purchase both second hand clothes and the brand new ones. In accordance to their annual income, they should spend approximately 4,800$ per year. While budgeting for the children’s clothes, these parents should consider the size of the clothes. They ought to purchase clothes that are not very fitting. This ensures that the children wear the clothes for a long period of time. Also, they should buy clothes that are of good quality. This helps them avoid buying clothes frequently due to wearing out. In addition, they can sort out their clothes to get the one that have outgrown their children and theirs that are not in use. Instead of disposing them, they can sell them as second hand clothes. This will earn them some income that can help them meet their family needs. Such income can also be used in case of emergencies like sicknesses. Education The children in this family require education at different levels due to their age differences. The parents should look for schools located near the middle class people. This is because the schools are affordable according to their annual income. The parents should look for a school that charges fees of approximately 1,260 dollars for the four year old boy. For the ten year old girl the fees should amount to around 2370 dollars. This means that the total cost for school fees in this family per year will be 3630 dollars. The children should be taken to one school. This has very many advantages. One, the school fees, is paid at the same time and place. Secondly, these brother and sister go to school at the same time. Hence, they sa ve time for parents to attend to other chores. Also, when purchasing the uniform, parents are able to cut the cost. This is because the four year old boy can wear the pullovers and socks that have outgrown the ten year old girl. In addition to the advantages, the boy uses the text books and revision books that were used by the older girl. This ensures that the parents purchase textbooks only once that is, for the ten year old girl. Parents are able to cut down the cost of the school fees. Since the school is located near the family’s home, parents are able to take lunch to their children instead of including it in the school fees. Moreover, the transport fee is low since the school is not far from their home.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on How to live with 15300$ specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In education, the father and mother of these children should remember to insure their children’s future edu cation. This includes high school and higher learning institutions. Since this is done annually, the parents dedicate a certain amount of money from their salary. Transportation The family should always look for the cheapest means of transport as they move from one location to another. They can use the railway transport since it is the cheapest across the world. To help cut down transportation cost, the family should always walk to places that are not far. For instance, they should walk to the nearest market centers. They ought to worship at the nearest places. The annual transportation cost for the parents should be approximately 500 dollars. This applies if they work at a distance where they cannot walk. A decent house location also helps in cutting down the cost of transportation. Therefore, during budgeting, this family should consider the house nearness to social amenities. When health facilities, schools, together with others are near, the family will use little money on trans port. Healthcare Health is one of the most fundamental requirements in a family. Healthcare involves a number of activities. For instance, eating a balanced diet, regular check- ups, and living in a clean home environment. To boost healthcare in the family, a family should be located in an area where they can access it easily. This family’s home should be near a hospital. This is because children fall sick often; hence they should be rushed to hospital fast. To keep the environment clean, this family must spend some funds. For example they spend money when buying treated mosquito nets, purchasing detergents, tools for trimming flowerbeds and bushes, and hiring a gardener. The family should also have a thorough weekly general cleaning. This includes cleaning all the bedding, clothes, and the whole house. If the family maintains this high standard of cleanliness, it reduces the chances of them falling sick. This reduces the cost of treatment because they will not visit the hosp ital regularly. This family should budget for health care at an amount of approximately 2,973 dollars annually.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The family should make sure that every member is insured against health care. This helps them receive the best health care no matter the price of medicine prescribed. Apart from other basic needs in this family, there are other requirements that are not expected. Therefore, it is necessary for them to save some money for such emergencies. This helps the family avoid borrowing money now and then when such cases arise. Thus, they can open a bank account to save the remaining amount of their annual income which is 119 dollars. Conclusion This family of four ought to put apart some time to plan on how to budget on their earnings. This helps them spend wisely so that they can meet all their basic needs. This plan will also ensure that there is a balance in the allocation of funds, in all their basic requirements. This will also help the family relieve the burden of thinking on how to spend their earnings every time they are paid. Good budgeting also helps the family live peacefully. This is because there are no issues of drug abuse like alcoholism which result to quarrels in the family. Budgeting is, therefore, a peace contributing factor in families. In addition, proper budgeting helps is reducing the chances of poverty due to poor spending of income earning. Therefore, budgeting is highly essential to all families and especially to a family that earns an annual income of 15300 dollars. This is all that is necessary for proper budgeting.

Fundraising Through Commercial Social Networks by Non-Profit Assignment

Fundraising Through Commercial Social Networks by Non-Profit Organizations - Assignment Example Following the path set by Facebook, the other industry participants including Twitter, LinkedIn and MySpace are managing to catch attention of people having shares of around 57%, 30% and 7% respectively in the year 2011. All these CSNs except Facebook have shown a sluggish negative growth as compared to the previous year. In terms of community membership, Facebook is well above from Twitter having an average of 6,376 members. Twitter is hardly chasing Facebook in this regard and having an average of 1,822 members in the year 2011. The effort of fund raising through Facebook has been growing but not as enormously as it can be. Groups that are generating funds from Facebook have a range of $1 to $10,000 per year. This statistics has risen from 38% to 46% from 2009 to 2011. The number of organizations which raises funds through Facebook and other commercial social networking operations has doubled from 0.2% to 0.4%. These organizations raise about $10,000 or more annually. But the amoun t and the number of fundraising organization is still a very thin slice of the entire sector. Non profits organizations believe that they see the efforts of commercial social networking as valuable enough. ... The average number of Facebook followers for a fundraising organization named as Master Social Fundraiser has approximately 100,000 members. This number of members is 15 times higher than the average number of members of fundraising organization. It testifies that the raising of large amount of dollars from social networks can have a huge community. Getting appropriate staff is another concern. 30% of the staff of Master Fundraiser dedicates 3+ staff to fundraising and managing for the presence at other social networks. It proves that resourcing is the major criterion to be considered while raising funds through a social network operation like Facebook. In fact, it really does not matter if the size of non-profits is large or small. If the management and staffing is done adequately and in proper manner, then even a small fundraising can generate $100,000 or more through Facebook. Why Nonprofits are not on Commercial Social Networks The late adopters who have establish presence on Fac ebook (10% of nonprofits) has revealed that it is due to lack of strategic goals and it is the only reason they stay off which is true for almost 60% of such organizations. Lack of good planning of budget and staff is another contributing factor towards this failure of such strategies which is about 36% and 57% respectively (lack of expertise). Controls and Privacy concerns also generate issues for fundraising for about 21 and 24% respectively. Hard – ROI Approach In order to get a better idea, regarding the effectiveness of fundraising through CSN, around 869 non-profit organizations are taken into considerations. These non-profit organizations use a hard-ROI approach in assessing the effectiveness of CNSs for their fundraising activity.

Social Justice Issues Concerning Minority Children in America Term Paper

Social Justice Issues Concerning Minority Children in America - Term Paper Example This cannot and should not be understood to mean that minority children are somehow irrevocably different or predisposed to certain strengths or weaknesses. Rather, environmental factors as well as the pervasive views within society, uneven allocation of resources, and the alternative approaches that certain cultures take with regards to the topics which will herein be discussed are the most powerful factors in shaping the way that minorities must integrate with the overall application and importance of such determinants. With regards to the cognitive development that takes place within minority shareholders, it is the very strong belief of this author that this determinant/measurement is fundamentally and absolutely no different than the level of cognitive development that takes place within white/affluent shareholders. The greatest level of differentiation with regards to this is realized as a function of the quality of the educational system itself and the degree to which the fami ly impact upon this cognitive development. ... Strident members of one side of the argument state that minority students are nearly an entire standard deviation away from their white counterparts with regards to their overall level of scholastic achievement. Those in disagreement with such a stance pointed the fact that the gap is necessarily smaller yet nonetheless extraordinarily important to focus upon and seek to fix. The ugly truth at the heart of the matter is with regards to the quality of the teachers, the overall level of funding, and the importance that education and scholastics is able to realize on the home front of these minority families (Deo, 2012). With regards to the first two of these determinants, they can be understood to integrate most closely with a level of tacit racism that exists within the educational system. Due to the fact that the US Department of Education, and community shareholders, must seek to allocate limited resources in order to affect limitless needs, minority neighborhoods/communities are of tentimes deprived of fundamental and necessary technologies, high quality teachers, and monetary resources with which to effect positive growth on the overall level of academic achievement that their students can reflect (Pilkington, 2013). However, this last determinant which has been listed is with regards to the level of importance that education plays within the family unit. Although the first two of these determinants can be affected from a governmental/community level, the third is one that must necessarily take place within the home. It is the further understanding of this particular author that the tests and metrics that are used to measure students are not in and of themselves biased; rather, the appropriation of funding, resources, and

Disciplan Plan for Kindergarten Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Disciplan Plan for Kindergarten - Coursework Example No matter how much planning goes into the curriculum, relationship building, and student assessment, it all stands useless if the classroom is inefficiently managed. However, rewards and punishment policy is focused upon the development of a child’s extrinsic motivation but his or her intrinsic motivation is negatively affected especially at the kindergarten level of education. Rewards and punishment power base used by a teacher might help in implementing discipline in the classroom for the short term but since intrinsic motivation is not developing, a seemingly well-behaved child would tend to deviate from his conduct in the absence of the opportunity of rewards. Although this strategy is most effective amongst the primary level of kindergarten level education, the child’s self-development and inherent nature are hampered. Hence one needs to combine this with some other strategies in order to formulate a discipline plan ideally suited for the inherent development of th e child studying in the kindergarten. For instance referent power base demanding the complete involvement of the teacher might be well suited to this level of education system. Hence one or more of such approaches or power system might be implemented. A collaborative strategy might be put into effect where the control lies partly in the hands of the teacher and partly with the students. This is a collaboration of student-directed as well as teacher-directed approach. There are four power bases and three management theories, which need to be selectively chosen from in order to implement a discipline plan for a classroom. The four power bases are referent power, legitimate power, expert power and reward/punishment. The theories are student directed or non-interventionist, teacher-directed or interventionist and collaborative.  Ã‚